Scoliosis is a medical condition characterized by an abnormal curvature of the spine. Normally, the spine has a slight natural curve, but in people with scoliosis, the spine curves sideways in an S- or C-shaped pattern. Scoliosis can occur at any age, but it is most commonly diagnosed during adolescence.

The cause of scoliosis is often unknown, although it can be caused by underlying medical conditions such as cerebral palsy or muscular dystrophy. Some cases of scoliosis are hereditary, and it is more common in girls than boys.

Scoliosis can cause back pain, discomfort, and postural changes. Severe cases of scoliosis can affect lung function and cause heart problems due to the abnormal curvature of the spine compressing the internal organs.

Treatment for scoliosis depends on the severity of the curve and the age of the individual. Mild cases may require only monitoring, while moderate cases may require bracing. In more severe cases, surgery may be necessary to straighten the spine and prevent further curvature.

Early detection and treatment of scoliosis are important for preventing complications and reducing the long-term effects of the condition. Regular check-ups with a healthcare provider can help identify scoliosis in its early stages.