An annular tear is a tear or rupture in the annulus fibrosus, which is the tough outer layer of a spinal disc. Spinal discs are the cushions between the vertebrae in the spine that help absorb shock and allow for movement. The annulus fibrosus is made up of strong fibers that hold the disc together and provide structure.
An annular tear can occur due to wear and tear over time or as a result of a sudden injury or trauma. When the annulus fibrosus tears, the inner gel-like material of the disc (the nucleus pulposus) can leak out and put pressure on the surrounding nerves, causing pain and discomfort. The severity of symptoms can vary depending on the location and size of the tear.
Symptoms of an annular tear may include back pain, especially with movement, as well as radiating pain, numbness, or weakness in the legs or arms. In some cases, an annular tear may not cause any symptoms at all.
Treatment for an annular tear may include rest, physical therapy, pain medication, or in severe cases, surgery. The goal of treatment is to reduce pain and inflammation, promote healing, and restore normal function. A healthcare provider can recommend the most appropriate treatment based on the severity of the tear and the patient’s overall health.